April 14: Jerusalem with Jeremy

The wonderful coffee grinder / espresso dispenser at the hostel has been gone for repairs since Sunday, so Tuesday began without my customary hit of caffeine. I was feeling a little sluggish, so rather than explore on my own, I decided to take advantage of the free Old City walking tour in the morning. Several others from the hostel ‎decided to do the same, so we met in the lobby and walked to the Jaffa Gate together. Once there, we were sorted into groups and the two hour tour commenced.
I hadn’t done as much background reading for Jerusalem as I normally do when I visit a place. In part that’s because on a trip of this length and duration, it’s impossible to adequately prepare for each location visited, but there’s also a misguided sense of familiarity with Jerusalem from my reading of the Scriptures. I  say “misguided” because the Jerusalem we read about in the Bible has been conquered, destroyed, and rebuilt several times in the past 3000 years.
At the very start of the tour, our guide (Jeremy) used the Tower of David to illustrate this very point. ‎ The tower is a significant fortification located next to the Jaffa Gate. (The gate and current walls of the Old City are “only” 500 years old, having been (re)built by the Ottomans.) When the Crusaders entered the city in 1099, they slaughtered everyone they met indiscriminately – with the exception of the Armenians, for reasons unknown. Seeing this tower, and knowing from the Bible that King David had fortified the city when he took it from the Canaanites, they naturally assumed this was his work. Except, of course, it wasn’t. The “Tower of David” was built during the reign of King Herod, with subsequent improvements and additions over the millenia. Still, the name the Crusaders gave it has stuck. Why not change the name, now that we know better? Jeremy’s answer was quite simple. Tradition. 
The stories we tell are meaningful, even if they are not factually true. They are what make a section of exposed bedrock in a church an object of veneration instead of a mere geological formation. Facts and dates are not unimportant, but it’s the stories around them that make them significant to the non-historian. Ideally, a good story will correspond to the historical facts, but sometimes it’s just not possible to verify it. Case in point: on the night he was betrayed, Christ and his disciples ate a meal together in a large upper room of a house. In the Old City, there are two sites which claim to be that upper room. They can’t both be right, and it’s possible that neither of them are. The Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate has a church with an inscription dating back 1500 years which states that this was the place. It was destroyed by the Romans in the year 70 AD, and rebuilt three years later. That’s all well and good, but the inscription was made almost 500 years after the fact. Similarly, there are four sites on the Mount of Olives which have been identified by various churches as the site of Christ’s ascension into heaven. They are all located at the top of the hill, but it’s entirely possible the ascension took place somewhere on the slope partway down.
Anyway, the two hour Old City tour was well worth the time, and I was impressed enough with our guide that I decided to stick around and take the much longer Mount of Olives tour he was leading at 2:00 pm. This was not a free tour, but his knowledge, wit, and general demeanour convinced me that it would be 90 shekels well spent. If ever you find yourself in Jerusalem in need of a guide, I highly recommend Jeremy Collins. If you have a group coming, you can contact him and arrange for a personalised tour. 
It was 7:00 in the evening by the time I reached the hostel again. After a light dinner, I went to my room and started to read but I was out by 8:00. I’d provide a list of highlights from the tours, but it’s now shortly past 9:00 Wednesday morning, and I’m eager to get moving. Today I plan to visit Yad Vashem, the Holocaust museum, and also the Israel Museum. Tomorrow I’ll be returning to the Old City one last time, and then Friday morning I plan to walk to Bethlehem.

April 13: Day 5 in Jerusalem

This morning while lingering over the breakfast table, I bade farewell to three people‎ I had made significant connections with while staying at the hostel. I doubt any of them will ever see this, but – Sasha, Marija, Tobias – I have been enriched by meeting you! (The photo is of the lineup outside the Jaffa Gate Saturday morning.)
Today, my kid sister turned 40. I wished her a HAPPY BIRTHDAY through Facebook. Hard to believe I’ve known the kidlet for 37 years. (Our family adopted her when she was 3.)
I didn’t stray too far from the hostel today, not even to attend Liturgy. At noon, I went out to find a post office, and when they didn’t have one, a cardboard mailing tube for my pilgrim credential from the “Custodia Franciscalis Terræ Sanctæ.” The art supply shop 500 metres from the hostel had very large ones for 16.90 shekels. When I got back to the hostel, I cut it down to size. Unlike the document I received from the Vatican four months ago, I won’t bother mailing this one home.‎ The tube will protect it in my (now very light) backpack for the rest of my travels.
Ah yes, the rest of my travels! Today I also paid to extend my stay at the hostel until Friday. I think that after another good night’s sleep, I’ll be up for some exploration of the Holy City, beyond the path between the hostel and the Holy Sepulchre.  I signed up for the free walking tour of the Old City tomorrow. It leaves at 10:20 am and will be finished by around 1:00 pm. That means I get to sleep in and have breakfast before having a leisurely stroll around the perimeter of the “Old” City. (Since the Romans razed the city in 70 AD, the current configuration is {comparatively speaking} not all that old, given the 3000+ years of recorded history associated with the site. [Damascus and Aleppo, on the other hand, have been continuously inhabited for at least 8000 years. I had the opportunity to visit both cities in 2006, before the current hellstorm was unleashed on the suffering Syrian population. Lord, have mercy!] Right, sorry. Where was I?)
Between now and Thursday evening, I plan to see as much of Jerusalem as I can. Tomorrow’s tour of the Old City will leave me in the vicinity of the Western Wall (where I will leave a note from Jasmina, whom I met in Macedonia) and the Temple Mount. If I’m able to catch the evening light over Jerusalem from the Mount of Olives, I should have some nice photos to upload 24 hours from now. On Wednesday, I’ll probably visit the Israel Museum and the Yad Vashem (the Holocaust Museum {And not to diminish from the horror inflicted upon European Jews by the Nazis, but my admiration for Pope Francis continues to deepen after his frank remarks about the first genocide of the 20th century.}).
Thursday remains open to possibilities, but I think that after checking out of the hostel on Friday, I’ll walk to Bethlehem. It’s about 15 kms away, and the forecast is for sunny skies with a high of 18° C. When I asked the travel consultants at the hostel today, I was assured that crossing the checkpoint into the West Bank on foot would be no more hassle than if I were in a tour bus.
I’ll probably stay in Bethlehem overnight, and then on Saturday walk to the northern part of the Dead Sea. I’m not sure how close to the Qumran caves tourists are allowed to get, but I’ll see what I can see. I may camp along the shore of the Dead Sea, and then walk into Jericho on Sunday. The amount of time I can spend there will depend on the bus schedules. I’m hoping I can catch a bus north to Capernaum along Highway 90 which runs through the Jordan Valley below sea level. From there, I hope to walk to the peak of Mount Tabor and seek refuge Monday (or Tuesday) night at one of the two monasteries there. The next day, I’ll follow the “Jesus Trail” to Nazareth, and then catch a bus to Tel Aviv via Haifa so I can get to Amman, Jordan in time for my flight home the morning of April 24. I’m hoping to celebrate the feast of St George in Tel Aviv, but if that doesn’t work, I have a few Serbian friends back home who will be celebrating their Slava on May 6. I’m sure both Milan and Peter would welcome me at their feasts.
As always, if I’ve used terminology which is unfamiliar, I encourage you to use a search engine to resolve your confusion (DuckDuckGo.com is excellent!). Also, these plans of mine which I post are no more than possibilities, suggested by proximity and my personal interest. The only certain thing is that I’ve paid for a nonrefundable seat on a flight leaving Amman at 11:10 local time on April 24. Please pray that I attain that goal, if nothing else!

April 11 and 12: Pascha

My arrival in Jerusalem on Wednesday ‎marked the end of daily walking with my pack on my back. Thursday morning, I walked from the hostel to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, which was the marker I’d set when calculating the distance remaining. Saturday evening (and well into Sunday morning), I fulfilled the stated goal of this pilgrimage, which was to celebrate Pascha in Jerusalem.
My pilgrimage is over, but I have another twelve days before my flight is scheduled to leave Amman, Jordan. I haven’t seen much of Jerusalem yet — between getting to Holy Week services and sleeping, I’ve been too busy for sightseeing.   Given the sleep deprivation associated with Holy Week and Pascha, I think I’ll be getting quite a bit more ‎rest in the coming days. (Plus, I think I may be getting sick. Two days ago I started feeling that hot scratchiness in the back of my throat, and it hasn’t gone away.)

‎On Thursday when I walked to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre, I had noticed a sign in several languages stating that entrance to the Holy Fire ceremony was only through the Jaffa Gate. I joined the lineup there at 9:00 Saturday morning, hoping that the five hours of waiting before the service would pay off.  There are three pedestrian approaches to the Jaffa Gate and each one had a police barricade set up. I was at the westernmost one, which was also the most crowded. Funny thing about crowds — they’re frighteningly stupid. There was one large tour group which arrived about an hour after I did and immediately began trying to get closer to the barricade. Everyone’s personal space vanished and a few shoving and shouting matches erupted. Around noon, a group of people left the front of the queue and began working their way back through the crowd. I recognised one of them as the Serbian woman I’d met at the hostel two days earlier. This is her third visit to Jerusalem, so I figured her departure meant she knew something I didn’t.  I made a note of the direction she was heading, but before going that way myself I paused at one of the other Jaffa Gate barricades. The crowd was much thinner there and I was able to approach and speak with one of the Israeli police officers. He told me the barriers would remain in place until two or three o’clock in the afternoon. That, of course, meant that none of the people waiting would be able to attend the service, which had been my experience Friday morning. [Side note: before coming I had been told that a) it was impossible to get inside the church for the service without special permission and b) that it was possible to get in, once all the VIPs had been admitted. After arriving back at the hostel Saturday afternoon, I heard from a friend in Poland who had witnessed the service the two previous years.]
I wound up entering the Old City by the Dung Gate, near the Western Wall, the other gates also being closed.  The twisty narrow streets of the Muslim Quarter were easy to navigate with my GPS app, but all the roads and alleys leading to the Holy Sepulchre had roadblocks with Israeli police allowing people through only after being satisfied they were not heading to the church.‎ (Muslims and Jews only, basically.)  As I was winding my way through the Old City, a boy spotted me and asked if I was looking for the church. He promised me he could get me there, and not having any other options, I decided to see where he would lead me. We backtracked a bit, and then he took me into what seemed to be a dead end. In the corner of the alley was a narrow flight of stairs leading to the rooftop over the souq. After shaking me down for money (which I expected), he pointed out another staircase which he said I should take after waiting a few minutes. When I headed towards it, I was disappointed to see a police officer sitting beside it, with another barricade and more police at the bottom of the stairs. Since it was just the two of us, I decided to appeal to him, in the hope that he would let me through to try my luck at the next roadblock. I showed him my notebook of stamps documenting my progress over the last seven months, and while he was impressed, he wasn’t impressed enough to violate his orders and let me by.
I had left Jaffa Gate at noon, and spent an hour and a half trying to find a way in. I knew that the Russian cathedral would be receiving the Fire at 2:30, so I had just enough time to get there. The fuss about this particular service may seem a little odd to my non-Orthodox readers‎, so here is a site which gives some background.  
www.holyfire.org/eng/index.htm
Wikipedia also has a write-up, which includes various attempts to explain the phenomenon without recourse to the miraculous. While some of them are more plausible than others, none of them are able to explain everything that occurs.   I was a little disappointed at not being able to witness it for myself, but this was not the focus of my pilgrimage. (An Anglican acquaintance of mine had made the comment that this event seemed out of character when compared to the miracles performed by our Lord in His earthly ministry.‎)
When I returned to the hostel after the service at the Russian church, I met up with my Russian roommate. He had not returned to the room at all Friday night, which I thought was a little strange. It turns out that he had spent the night in a church in the Old City, and so found himself inside the perimeter set up by the Israeli police. Yes, he made it to the service. He showed me the videos he’d shot with his smartphone which included a shot of him passing his hand slowly through the flame without harm.‎ (This unique characteristic of the Holy Fire only lasts about half an hour before the flame begins to burn normally.) After talking a bit more, we both crashed out in anticipation of a long night ahead.
Since I had found refuge at the Russian cathedral of the Holy Trinity for other services during my stay, I decided to celebrate Pascha with them as well. Their schedule indicated that the first of the services would begin at 11:00 pm, but when I arrived at 10:30 things were already underway. As I was entering the church, I saw Marija, the Serbian woman from the hostel‎. She had also been unsuccessful in getting into the Holy Sepulchre earlier in the day. Apparently the thing to do (for future reference) is enter the Old City by the Dung Gate very early in the morning and just hang out as inconspicuously as possible until it’s possible to enter the church. My Polish friend told me that a good vantage point is from the gallery overlooking the Edicule, which is reached from the Golgotha chapel. There is much less crowding, and you can see the flame spreading through the crowd below.
It was almost 4:00 in the morning when I left the church and started walking back to the hostel. It had started raining overnight, but I’d stuffed my rain poncho and Tilley hat ‎in my small pack, so I stayed dry. After the heat of the previous week, the sudden drop in temperature Thursday was a welcome surprise — the rain, not so much. I retrieved the meat and cheese I’d purchased earlier Saturday and broke the fast quietly. I also began typing this update, but fell asleep after the first paragraph. 
I slept through the complimentary breakfast at the hostel Sunday morning‎, so I headed out to find some food. On returning, I saw Marija in the lobby. We wound up talking for an hour or so, about solo travel, liturgics, Linux, and many other topics besides.  After our meeting at the cathedral the night before, she had gone on to the Church of St Mary Magdalene on the Mount of Olives. It was less crowded there, but they didn’t finish the Paschal Liturgy until 5:30 in the morning. She still hadn’t slept, and it was now approaching noon. We traded contact information and then I headed up to my room to rest a bit, and perhaps then finish this update.

At 2:00, someone else checked in to the room. Eliyahu was born and raised in an observant Jewish family in the USA.  He is now a Torah-observant follower of the Messiah. His interests in etymology, biblical studies, and history meant that I didn’t do any writing Sunday afternoon. After we’d spent a few hours talking, I started getting ready to attend the Agape Vespers service at the Russian cathedral, while Eliyahu laid down for a rest. It had been raining most of the day, including a short period of hail and some lightning, but it was sunny and mild when I left for church. Two hours later, it was a different story. A strong wind had come up out of the southwest, bringing heavy rain and more lightning. I had left my poncho at the hostel, so I sheltered under a store awning until the storm abated and then scurried back to the hostel. I hung my damp outer layer from the bunkbed to dry and went downstairs to the bar, where I bought an order of “homemade” nachos. They were good, and surprisingly filling. Heading back up to my room, I began perusing the Lonely Planet guide to “Israel and the Palestinian Territories” I’d bought on the way to church. A short while later, one of the other men in the four bed dorm came in. We had talked briefly over the past few days, but Sunday evening saw us trading stories of travel. He’s heading on to Tel Aviv for a few days before flying home to Germany at the end of the week. I turned in early, as I’m still pretty tired, and the tickly throat of a few days ago has transformed into sinus congestion and a cough.

CHRIST IS RISEN!

Χριστός ανέστη! 

‎!المسيح قام
Христос Воскресе!

April 10: Day Two in Jerusalem

Friday morning both me and my Russian ‎roommate were up shortly after 6:00. He was heading off to the 7:00 service at the Russian cathedral where I’d been last night, while I was headed to the Holy Sepulchre. I knew the first service of the day was scheduled for 8:30, but I also knew that I should be at least an hour early. When I arrived at the square in front of the main entrance to the church, there were police everywhere, some in riot gear. There were also barricades set up in the square, keeping an aisle clear to the door along one side of the square. At 7:30, there were less than a hundred people waiting.  This number grew, slowly at first, but by 8:15 the square was packed and the police had moved the barricades behind us, preventing any more people from entering the square. This is what I’d expected, since the same thing had occurred the day before. I was very eager to get into the church, since I had dressed for church, and not for standing in a square in what had become overnight very chilly weather. I was also on the verge of falling asleep on my feet. The press of bodies would probably have kept me from hitting the ground, but I didn’t want to put it to the test. At 8:30, one of the bells above us began tolling once every few minutes. I figured they’d be opening the doors of the church soon, but it was not to be. At 9:00, an honour guard of police, monks, and four fez-wearing men bearing iron-tipped staves appeared, accompanying the Patriarch of Jerusalem to the entrance. There was a knocking at the door and then a wooden ladder was procured, and a man climbed up and inserted an ancient key in the lock. The door was opened and the dignitaries processed in. They didn’t stay long, and once they had cleared the area the police began allowing people to enter the church. I really should have gone to the Russian cathedral, since once inside I discovered that the main sanctuary was closed off. Lesson learned – for the evening service I did just that.
After walking through the church, I made my way out again, being channeled towards the souq in the Old City by police barriers. When I heard the magic word “Coffee?” I gave my very emphatic assent.‎ Once refreshed, I continued to the Patriarchate, hoping today to receive an official stamp in my notebook. The young man at the main gate was fluent in Greek, Arabic, and English, and probably Hebrew as well. He informed me that Aristarchos the secretary was too busy today to see me and stamp my book. I figured there was no sense in arguing the point even though it contradicted what I’d been told the day before. 
The weather continued to be quite chilly with brief periods of rain, although at times the sun shone through, striking the tops of the walls without warming the narrow streets below.  ‎I walked through the crowded narrow streets of the Old Town towards the Jaffa Gate. Near the gate, the Franciscans operate the Christian Information Centre. In addition to the other services they offer, they will also issue a certificate of pilgrimage when requested. The Austrian priest was very interested in the details of my journey, as were the two English-speaking ladies in line behind me. One of them had done the Camino last year, and understood the radical change of life returning home from pilgrimage presents. After having my photo taken, I headed back to the hostel.
It was strangely quiet as I walked along Jaffa Street. As I discovered the day before, the trams have stopped running until Sunday due to the end of Passover and the Sabbath. There weren’t many pedestrians, and all the shops on the street were shut. In my exhaustion and anticipation, it seemed as if the city was already participating in the great Sabbath of Christ. That didn’t stop me from purchasing some juice, bread, and hummus from a small “super”market I spotted on a side street. I breakfasted on that, and after putting a load of laundry in the machine at the hostel I promptly went to sleep.‎ 
When I woke up a few hours later, I collected my laundry and wrote an update. Then it was time to head to church. I returned to the Cathedral of the Holy Trinity for the evening service, but I discovered that the Lamentations aren’t sung in the Russian tradition. I’m not exactly sure what was being read within the general framework of Orthros, but my guess is that it was Psalm 118 (in the LXX, Ps 119 in the Hebrew numbering). There were two bishops officiating, along with several monastics and perhaps a dozen priests. The service was a little shorter than the evening before, but it also began an hour and a half later. It was 11:00 when I finally returned to the hostel. After a small meal, I crashed hard. With no early morning service, I figured I could afford to sleep in a little on Saturday and still get a place in line for the Service of Holy Fire which begins at 2:00 pm. Five hours in advance should be sufficient!

April 9: First Day in Jerusalem

It was around 9:00 on Wednesday evening when I walked into the lobby of the Abraham Hostel on Davidka Square in Jerusalem. An older gentleman I’d met in the hostel in Haifa had recommended ‎it, and it’s part of the independent Israeli hostel organisation ILH. I hadn’t made an advance booking, since I just wasn’t sure when I’d be arriving. As it turns out, this worked to my advantage.
This year, the Jewish Passover began with the western Easter weekend and concludes with the Orthodox Pascha weekend. All 260 beds in the hostel were booked because of this confluence of holy days. However, one guest had decided he wanted to move on earlier than he’d originally planned. It’s against the hostel’s policy to issue refunds — once booked‎, the bed is yours! Thankfully, the staff members are allowed to use their judgment, so Alexei got his refund, I got a place to sleep, and the hostel got their money. Win win win.
Once I’d made my way to the dorm room and started to unpack, I struck up a conversation with one of the other people in the room. He’s working on his M.Sc. in solid state physics in Germany, but had come to Israel to participate in a massive Scout hike along the Israel National Trail. We got to talking, and before I knew it, it was past midnight. (I was so utterly exhausted that the lateness off the hour simply didn’t make any difference.) We’d started off talking equipment and preparations for a long solo trek, and he was very interested in my gear. Before long, though, the conversation drifted into theology. He’s a non-observant Jew, but I was surprised at how much he knew about Christianity. I eventually turned off my light at 1:30, after setting my alarm for 7:00.
At breakfast Thursday morning I met two other people in town for Pascha, both Serbian.   After chatting for a bit, I headed upstairs to pack up.   Arriving as I did without a reservation, I needed to change rooms, which involved checking out and leaving my luggage in the hostel’s storage room. After I got all that sorted, I headed off to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre on foot — the final segment of my pilgrimage. The hostel is advertised as being a twenty minute walk from the Old City, but it took me a bit longer than that. I’m tired! By the time I got to the church, the morning service was over and the police were removing the barricades. I spent the next several hours inside the conglomeration of sanctuaries which makes up the Holy Sepulchre complex. Breakfast had consisted of nothing but tomatoes, cucmbers, and coffee, so I eventually left the church in search of nourishment. Falafel and hummus were not far off.
I spent the next hour or so wandering the streets of the Christian Quarter. I finally found the Jerusalem Patriarchate. It’s not far from the Holy Sepulchre, but I got turned around a few times. The first monk I spoke to had ‎lived in Windsor (Ontario) for several years. I explained that I had come to Jerusalem on foot, and asked about a stamp for my little notebook. He told me to come back the next day (Great and Holy Friday) and the secretary, Aristarchos, would help me.
Back to the hostel then, where I moved in to my new room and met one of my new roommates. ‎He’s from Moscow, and is in Jerusalem for Holy Week. It was touching to see how delighted he was to learn that I’m also Orthodox. After talking a bit, we both stretched out for a rest before the evening service. He was headed to the Russian monastery on the Mount of Olives, while I’d decided to go back to the Holy Sepulchre. While I slept, all the weariness and pain of the past seven months had settled into my bones. Asking at the front desk, I learned that a single tram ticket costs seven shekels (about $2.25 Canadian). Since the tramline runs straight along Jaffa Street between the hostel and the Jaffa Gate, I decided I’d done enough walking. It was only after I’d purchased my dated ticket that I realised the trams had stopped running for the day. (sigh) Hobbling along, I happened to glance up a side street about halfway to my destination and said to myself, “That has to be a Russian church.” I arrived half an hour before the service started and sat in an out of the way corner until it did. The pain and exhaustion remained with me for the next three and a half hours, but they soon became irrelevant.  (Well, the last forty-five minutes were a little rough.) My knowledge of Old Church Slavonic is pretty limited but this is the nineteenth year I’ve attended the Service of the Twelve Gospels, so I knew what was going on. The 15th Antiphon of this particular service is heart-rending in its beauty. I wrote a bit about what it means to me last year, which can be found here:
http://phool4xc.blogspot.com/2014/04/great-and-holy-friday.html
The austerity and beauty and joy and sorrow of this service is beyond my descriptive powers to convey. “We knew not whether we were in heaven or on earth.”

You Shall Be Comforted in Jerusalem

This passage from the appointed readings for the past Friday stuck with me, for obvious reasons. I guess I’m technically in Jerusalem now, although I haven’t seen a sign announcing the city limits. (Then again, I did dodge away from Highway 1 for a bit when the shoulder vanished. A quick scramble down the side of the wadi brought me to the new road that’s under construction.) Anyway! I just walked past the massive cemetery on the westernmost part of the hill and sat down at the nearest available spot to rest and cool my heels. (Yes, literally.)
The name Zeno may not be familiar to many, but the past 24 hours of my life have been an illustration of one of his famous paradoxes. (As I write this, I still have about 4 kms to walk to the hostel I’ll be staying at.) Here’s the scenario: an archer shoots an arrow at a target. It flies through the air, and after a certain amount of time it has covered exactly half the distance between the archer and the target. After a shorter interval of time, it has travelled half of the remaining distance, and then half of that, and half again, and so on and so on. How is it possible for the arrow to ever actually reach the target? So yeah, that’s been my last 24 hours.
The sun has finally set, I’ve cooled off nicely, and I even have a bit of water left. This evening I’m going to splurge and check myself in to a private room at the hostel, bathe, and then sleep. Tomorrow I plan to attend services, light candles, fulfill promises, and visit the Patriarchate, the Holy Sepulchre, the Wailing Wall‎. Photos will be posted sporadically over the next few days, plus (if I have time) some updates covering the past few days of walking. (The thing is, I am in Jerusalem. I don’t want to spend hours hunched over my phone doing all that.)
Bleh. I need to get off my feet for the day, and sitting here typing in the cool dusk isn’t going to make that happen. So, “Yay! I made it!!!”‎ I am really looking forward to the shower. Comforted in Jerusalem.